Browse Greetings Patois words and view their definitions, pronunciations, and alternative spellings on JamaicanPatwah.comPatois/Patwa is the native spoken creole language in Jamaica. This is an english based creole langauge or some may even call it a slang. Why use a Jamaican translator?English - Jamaican Patois Translator. Learn and understand Jamaican Patois. Jamaican Patwah is a free online dictionary that contains patois words, definitions, translations, alternative spellings and examples.I want to be with you forever. Mi waah fi bi wid yuh fi eva. You are the love of my life. Yuh a di luv a mi life. I like you. Mi like yuh. I love you with all of my heart. Mi luv yuh wid all a mi heart. These phrases should come in handy whether you’ve got a love interest from Jamaica or whether you’re just visiting and want to be prepared.Funny Jamaican Translations. English : There seems to be something wrong with Ms. Pearl, she might have the flu. Patois : Lawd hav mercy! It look like dem obeah Ms. Pearl (Lord have mercy! It seems that they have cast a spell on Ms. Pearl) English : Hi Suzie! It’s been a long time since I have seen you girl. Patois : But wait!the traditional Jamaican epithet for East Indians. It is never used It is never used for Chinese Jamaicans. Usually in the form coolie-man or coolie-oman. It is not considered polite today anymore than the term nega, but it is still used widely in rural areas. (5) COLLIE: n. (urban slang) ganja (7) COME YAH (cumyu): come here. (17) CORK UP:http://www.jamaicanlessons.info Jamaican Slang Translation by visiting the this link Learning a few patois ( patwah) phrases will go a long way in communicating with Jamaicans. Below is a list of 18 Jamaican Patois phrases translated to English. I Will Be Right Back – Mi Soon Come. To Eat – Nyam. Jamaica – Jamrock, Jamdown, Yard. Jamaican – Yardie, Yard man. Friend – Bredren (male), Sistren (female) Well Done – Big ... Popular Jamaican Patwah Translations. The first step to understanding and learning Jamaican Patois is seeing a list of Jamaican Patois phrases and their English translations. The following is a list of popular Jamaican Patois to get you started. Gimme Give me. Mi ah guh let yuh decide I'll let you decide.Learn how to speak Jamaican patios/patwa by learning basic "Introductions" in patois/ patwa in our video series "Speak Jamaican Patois". Visit our Jamaican ...The direct translation of Bloodclaat is Blood Cloth, meaning the sanitary napkin that females use during their menstrual cycle. P**syclaat, another Jamaican curse word, translates to P**sy Cloth, has a similar meaning. Lets just say if someone calls you a "bloodclaat" they are implying that you are the recipricant of body waste!In this blog post, we’ll be exploring some of the most popular Jamaican slangs that are sure to spice up any conversation. So grab a cup of coffee and let’s get started! Quick Links hide. Jamaican Slang 101. ‘Brawta’. ‘Wah Gwan’. ‘Bumbaclot’ – A Creative Curse Word. ‘Tings’. ‘Likkle More’ – An Expression of Desire. Why use a Jamacian translator? With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Man a Gallis definition, pronunciation, and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. | Man a Gallis - Slang expression used to state that one is skilled at manipulating and seduci... 17. 1 comment.http://www.jamaicanlessons.info Jamaican Slang Translation by visiting the this linkHowever, greeting a Jamaican in Jamaican Patois will usually make your conversation a lot smoother. “ Wah gwaan „. English Translation: What’s going on or What’s up. Definition Pronounced as “waa gwaan”, the literal translation is “what’s going on” but when used as a greeting, it can also mean “What’s up”. Different ...Hi Everyone, learn what Pumpum means in Jamaican Patois and how to say it? SUBSCRIBE: https://bit.ly/2yRRCxP_____ LEARN MORE JAMAICAN ...Jan 3, 2024 · Rastafarian words and phrases are a combination of English dialect and Jamaican Patois spoken primarily by Rastafarians. The Rastafarian language is actually much easier to learn than Jamaican Patois because it’s mostly a play on English words (e.g. “overstand” for “understand”,“downpress” for “oppress”,“ I-ditate” for “meditate” etc…) rather than being an entirely ... Patois/Patwa is the native spoken creole language in Jamaica. This is an english based creole langauge or some may even call it a slang. Why use a Jamaican translator? With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating english phrases such as "how are you" or "hello" and in due time you will ... Madda. Mother. Jamaicanize is a free Jamaican Patois translator to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Learn Jamaican patois words and phrases like, . Madda. Mother. Jamaicanize is a free Jamaican Patois translator to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Learn Jamaican patois words and phrases like, . Jan 29, 2024 · Jamaican Slang, Phrases, & More New Words. JamaicanPatwah.com is the leading online source for Jamaican Patois definitions, word origins, and a whole lot more. From Word of the Day, to audio pronounciations Jamaican Slang, Phrases, & More New Words. JamaicanPatwah.com is the leading online source for Jamaican Patois definitions, word origins, and a whole lot more. From Word of the Day, to audio pronounciations. Search. Games & Quizzes View All Quizes. Can you swear like a Jamaican?If you’re ready to learn more about this Jamaican slang term, read on to get some help with definitions and examples. Call Now +44 20-80997921 UK OR +31-23-2050026 NL Free Translation Quote. Home; Translation Company. Translation Company; Dutch Translation Agency; Translation Services. Professional Dutch to …English To Slang Translator Notes: This Is Still In Beta, Will Be Updating. Please Refresh For More Translations. If You Have Any Appropriate Ideas (No Bad Words/Racism) Please Comment Below. This Is Not Currently Phone-Friendly. Works Best With iPads, Tablets, Laptops, And Desktop Computers.http://www.jamaicanlessons.info Jamaican Slang Translation by visiting the this linkJan 3, 2024 · Rastafarian words and phrases are a combination of English dialect and Jamaican Patois spoken primarily by Rastafarians. The Rastafarian language is actually much easier to learn than Jamaican Patois because it’s mostly a play on English words (e.g. “overstand” for “understand”,“downpress” for “oppress”,“ I-ditate” for “meditate” etc…) rather than being an entirely ... The translations here are just approximations of the Jamaican curse words. Slang terms can have different meanings in different parts of the English-speaking world To download a copy of this list in PDF format, click the button below. Download Full List of Swear Words PDF & AudioIt is similar to the English slang expressions "Laughing My Ass Off". Example Sentences (Patois) Wen him run inna di pole, mi did a dead wid laugh. (English) When he ran into the pole, I was dying with …English Translation . eat . Definition. To eat . Example Sentences. Patois: Gimme food fi nyam English: Give me food to eat. posted by Lian on March 26, 2017 5. Nyam 2; 0; English Translation . eat . Example Sentences. Patois: Yuh got any food fi nyam? English: Do you have any food to eat? posted by Greenllabel on February 25, 2017English Translation: Fire a blank. Definition Slang expression for pointing one’s finger in the shape of a gun and using one’s mouth to mimic the sound made when a shot is fired from a gun. This action is usually done when one is in agreement with something thing that was said. Example Sentences (Patois) Buss a blank if yuh agree …What does “PON” mean in Jamaica. In Jamaican slang, “PON” is a short form of the preposition “upon.”. It’s used to indicate location or direction. For example, when someone says “mi deh pon di corner,” they mean “I’m on the corner.” “PON” adds a little flair to conversations while keeping the language spicy and engaging.Definition. Someone who wear’s dreadlocks (may also practice Rastology) Example Sentences. (patois) Di rass deh inna di mango tree. (english) The dreadlocks man is in the mango tree. Related Words. Babylon , Ball head , Blessed , Bobo dread , posted by anonymous on April 25, 2013. 4826+ Patois Definitions have been added so far.English Translation . Wow . Definition. A word used to express excitement. Example Sentences. Patois: Rawtid! Tomorrow a Friday, the week fly off fast! ... The question of whether Jamaican Patois is merely "broken English" often sparks lively debate. At first glance, this language might seem perplexing, ...English Translation What the f**k More » ... More » Backside. A Jamaican slang word which is used mostly when you are surprise. More » Show More . Get FREE PDF of Jamaican Curse Words (+ audio) Learn 40+ Jamaican swear words with audio pronunciation. Free PDF download. Click the button below to get started.Jamaicans have a lot of ways to say goodbye. "Lata", the OG goodbye, is so smooth it slides right off your tongue. "Mi a leff" lets everyone know you're outta here, plain and simple. And if you know you'll be back soon, "Inna di morrows" keeps the vibes friendly. We got the playful "Likkle more" for when you're not sure exactly when you'll return.English Translation . Wow . Definition. A word used to express excitement. Example Sentences. Patois: Rawtid! Tomorrow a Friday, the week fly off fast! ... The question of whether Jamaican Patois is merely "broken English" often sparks lively debate. At first glance, this language might seem perplexing, ...Sep 16, 2022 · Ya mon. “Ya mon” is the standard affirmative response to basically anything in Jamaica! Literally meaning “yeah, man”, saying this is like saying “sure” or “no problem”. An enthusiastic “ya mon!” means “of course!”. Despite the “mon” (man) part of it, it can be directed to anyone of any gender or age. Bimma definition, pronunciation, and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. | Bimma - Slang for a BMW motor vehicle. 4. 1 comment.Mar 12, 2024 · One common method of forming plurals in standard English is by adding 's' or; 'es' to the end of a word. (e.g. toy-toys, class- classes etc..) However, in Jamaican Patois a word can be pluralized by adding 'dem' to the end word or, inserting 'nuff' or a number at the beginning of the word. Jamaican Creole. Standard English. Macka definition, translation, alternative spellings and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. Macka definition, translation, alternative spellings and example ... According to Jamaican Patwah, a butu is: A person who has little or no social graces or manners. Being a butu is completely independent of your social class. Professor Rex Nettleford once correctly said, “A butu in a Benz is still a butu.”. In college, many of us started to say butucrat for some ridiculous reason.Aug 4, 2023 · What’s going on. Definition. Slang expression for saying “what’s going on” or “what’s up”. Different variation of “Wah gwaan” may be used but they all have the same meaning. These include; wah deh gwaan, whatta gwaan or waguan (pronounced wa-goo-ahn) Example Sentences. Patois: Wah gwaan bredrin, everyting irie? Jamaican Patois, also known as Patwa, Creole, Jamaican Creole or Jamaican slang is a language primarily spoken in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora. ... Let’s dive into the 20 jamaican patois phrases and words (and their translations) you must learn before visiting the island! See also. Puerto Plata’s …Jamaican Creole English. Read JNT Listen to JNT. Download The Bible App Now. Bible Versions. Jamaican Creole English. Read JNT Listen to JNT. The Jamaican New Testament (Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment) This translation, published by the Bible Society of the West Indies, was published in 2012.Bumba definition, pronunciation, and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. | Bumba - Mild curse word normally used when one is shocked or surprisedEnglish To Slang Translator Notes: This Is Still In Beta, Will Be Updating. Please Refresh For More Translations. If You Have Any Appropriate Ideas (No Bad Words/Racism) Please Comment Below. This Is Not Currently Phone-Friendly. Works Best With iPads, Tablets, Laptops, And Desktop Computers. With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator ... 1. 0. Definition. Jah is a term used by Rastafarians to refer to God. It is derived from the Hebrew name for God, Yahweh. Rastafarians believe that Jah is the true and living God, the Almighty, and the source of all creation. The term is often used in Rastafarian prayers, songs, and conversations to express reverence and spiritual … Are you visiting Jamaica soon or have Jamaican friends? Do you know how to Speak Jamaican Patois? These 80 Jamaican patois sentences cover most of what you will need to get by on your visit to Jamaica or in conversations with your Jamaican friends. “A fe mi cyar.” Translation: “It’s my car.” “Mi ah guh lef tiday.” Want To Learn How to speak liike a Jamaican? Free online patois dictionary, Word of the Day, Definitions, Translations, Examples and many more features.With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator ...Do you know Jamaican Slang?#instantenglishuk #britishenglish #nativeenglish Popular Jamaican Patwah Translations. The first step to understanding and learning Jamaican Patois is seeing a list of Jamaican Patois phrases and their English translations. The following is a list of popular Jamaican Patois to get you started. In this blog post, we’ll be exploring some of the most popular Jamaican slangs that are sure to spice up any conversation. So grab a cup of coffee and let’s get started! Quick Links hide. Jamaican Slang 101. ‘Brawta’. ‘Wah Gwan’. ‘Bumbaclot’ – A Creative Curse Word. ‘Tings’. ‘Likkle More’ – An Expression of Desire.Nov 25, 2023 · Journey into Jamaican Patois: Translate Jamaican Patois: Unraveling the charm of Jamaican Patois involves translating its distinct phrases. From common expressions to colloquialisms, this dialect adds flavor to everyday conversations. Learn Jamaican Patois: Embracing a new language is a rewarding experience. Learning Jamaican Patois opens doors ... In this blog post, we’ll be exploring some of the most popular Jamaican slangs that are sure to spice up any conversation. So grab a cup of coffee and let’s get started! Quick Links hide. Jamaican Slang 101. ‘Brawta’. ‘Wah Gwan’. ‘Bumbaclot’ – A Creative Curse Word. ‘Tings’. ‘Likkle More’ – An Expression of Desire. Definitions of ". Raasclaat. ". (Vulgar) 1. Raasclaat. So, in Jamaican Patwah, your 'raas' refers to your bum, and a 'claat' is like a cloth. Now, about toilet paper – besides its literal meaning, people often use it as an adjective to show dissatisfaction. It's like comparing something to toilet paper, implying it's just wasteful or not ... Patois/Patwa is the native spoken creole language in Jamaica. This is an english based creole langauge or some may even call it a slang. Why use a Jamaican translator? With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating english phrases such as "how are you" or "hello" and in due time you will ...Browse Jamaican Expressions Patois words and view their definitions, pronunciations, and alternative spellings on JamaicanPatwah.comOct 5, 2022 · Jamaican Patwah Translator is a free app that contains patois words, definitions, translations and examples. - Works offline. - Fast access and immediate translation. - Translate English to Jamaican Patois. - Translate Jamaican Patois to English. - Audio Pronunciations by native speaker. Like many other Caribbean countries, Jamaica’s English-based Creole language developed as a result of the island’s colonial history. Jamaica was colonised first by the Spanish, starting from the late 15th to early 16th century. Then colonised by the British, from the 17th century. Both the Spanish and British introduced enslaved Africans ...English Translation What the f**k More » ... More » Backside. A Jamaican slang word which is used mostly when you are surprise. More » Show More . Get FREE PDF of Jamaican Curse Words (+ audio) Learn 40+ Jamaican swear words with audio pronunciation. Free PDF download. Click the button below to get started.2. English Translation. Fuck! Definition. One of the most well-known profanities in Jamaica is "Bumboclaat." This term is a blend of two words: "bumbo," which means bottom, and "claat," the Jamaican version of cloth. Surprisingly, "Bumboclaat" literally refers to either menstrual pads or toilet paper. However, it's more commonly used as an ...What does “PON” mean in Jamaica. In Jamaican slang, “PON” is a short form of the preposition “upon.”. It’s used to indicate location or direction. For example, when someone says “mi deh pon di corner,” they mean “I’m on the corner.” “PON” adds a little flair to conversations while keeping the language spicy and engaging.Yardie definition, pronunciation, and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. | Yardie - Slang term used to refer a Jamaican or Jamaican descents that live aboard, ty... 7. 1 share.MEANINGS AND EXPLANATIONS: 1. Young people love to take risks 2. Young people are daring. Chicken merry hawk deh near. TRANSLATION: Chicken merry hawk is near. MEANINGS AND EXPLANATIONS: Excessive exuberance or excitement invites trouble. Danger lurks in the most unexpected places, so temper, our most light … With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator ... If you’re ready to learn more about this Jamaican slang term, read on to get some help with definitions and examples. Call Now +44 20-80997921 UK OR +31-23-2050026 NL Free Translation Quote. Home; Translation Company. Translation Company; Dutch Translation Agency; Translation Services. Professional Dutch to …Jan 13, 2016 - Translation: The things people take for granted at times are luxuries to others. Jan 13, 2016 - Translation: ... Jamaican Slang. Jamaican Words. Jamaican proverb. Karen Green-Berry. Inspirational Quotes. Nature. Qoutes About Love. Proverbs Quotes. Humble calf. Karen Green-Berry. Wise Words. Wise Quotes.Nov 25, 2023 · Journey into Jamaican Patois: Translate Jamaican Patois: Unraveling the charm of Jamaican Patois involves translating its distinct phrases. From common expressions to colloquialisms, this dialect adds flavor to everyday conversations. Learn Jamaican Patois: Embracing a new language is a rewarding experience. Learning Jamaican Patois opens doors ... Different variations. Bumboclaat is sometimes combine with other Jamaican expletives such as bloodclaat or p**syclaat. For example, bumbo-bloodclaat or bumbo-p**syclaat. The combination of different curse words with bumboclaat is normally used to convey extreme anger. Patois: Bumboclaat! Mi nearly drap. English: Stop calling my …From translating everyday phrases to delving into the intricacies of dialects like Jamaican Patois, language plays a crucial role in bridging cultural gaps. In this …Ooman definition, pronunciation, and example sentences on Jamaican Patwah. | Ooman - Slang term for one's female partner (e.g. girlfriend, fiancee, wife).It turns out that “wagwan” is a slang term that originated in Jamaican Patois, a creole language spoken in Jamaica and other parts of the Caribbean. The phrase “wagwan” is actually a shortened version of “what’s going on.”. In Jamaican Patois, the phrase is pronounced “wah gwan,” which sounds a bit different from the English ...Puzzles. Journal Notebooks. SHOP NOW. Browse Patois words that start with 'A' and view their definitions, pronunciations, and alternative spellings on JamaicanPatwah.com.Browse Greetings Patois words and view their definitions, pronunciations, and alternative spellings on JamaicanPatwah.comDifferent variations. Bumboclaat is sometimes combine with other Jamaican expletives such as bloodclaat or p**syclaat. For example, bumbo-bloodclaat or bumbo-p**syclaat. The combination of different curse words with bumboclaat is normally used to convey extreme anger. Patois: Bumboclaat! Mi nearly drap. English: Stop calling my …How many of these Jamaican Patois phrases do you know?Featuring: Vivhttps://www.instagram.com/vivaciouslyviv/Joycehttps://www.instagram.com/atribecalledjoyce...Popular Jamaican Patwah Translations. The first step to understanding and learning Jamaican Patois is seeing a list of Jamaican Patois phrases and their English translations. The following is a list of popular Jamaican Patois to get you started. Gimme Give me. Mi ah guh let yuh decide I'll let you decide. Jamaican Translator, allows you currently to translate from standard English to Jamaican Patois. Learn more about our language by doing quizzes about interesting topics. Translate and send your translations with your favorite Instant Messaging app to friends, families or even Jamaican natives. Learn more about patois by doing quizzes. Want To Learn How to speak liike a Jamaican? Free online patois dictionary, Word of the Day, Definitions, Translations, Examples and many more features.English Translation . poke . Example Sentences (patois) Shi jook mi (english) She poked me. posted by anonymous on April 25, 2013. ... Subscribe. Beginner's Guide to Speaking Jamaican Patois. Looking for a quick and easy way to learn Jamaican Patois? Our Beginner's Guide has everything you need to get started; Learn correct word ...Feb 29, 2024 · The Jamaican phrase “Weh yuh ah seh” is very similar to “Wah gwaan”. In a literal sense, this phrase means “What are you saying?”. In Jamaica, you can use this phrase in casual conversations to ask someone how they are doing. The phrase “Weh yuh ah seh” is sometimes shortened to “Weh yaw seh”.
Welcome to the Jamaican to English Translation Dictionary! This dictionary is designed to help users learn popularly-used words, phrases and slang from Jamaican Patois. It can also be used as an aid to learning the language. With this comprehensive dictionary, you can easily find translations for any Jamaican term that comes up in daily .... Cabo from lax
English Translation . a lot . Example Sentences. Patois: Mi aguh get nuff cash English: I'm going to get a lot of cash. posted by anonymous on November 18, 2022 3. Nuff 5; 0; English Translation . Many, More, Much etc. Example Sentences. Patois: Nuff people English: Many people. posted by YhawGucci2019 on November 21, 2018 4. We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah. If you are not familiar with how they do this, here is a small list of phrases or sentences Jamaicans use for flirting. “Yow empress, yuh look good enuh” – Hey empress, you look really good. “My size / type” – literally translates to “my size / type” and is used to mean a female is to their liking. “Jah know, baby, mi woulda ...Mar 12, 2024 · One common method of forming plurals in standard English is by adding 's' or; 'es' to the end of a word. (e.g. toy-toys, class- classes etc..) However, in Jamaican Patois a word can be pluralized by adding 'dem' to the end word or, inserting 'nuff' or a number at the beginning of the word. Jamaican Creole. Standard English. Technovate Translations has successfully completed 30,000+ projects and can translate yours! Jamaican Patois Translation and Interpretation Services In: Legal, Marketing, Government, Medical, Website Translation and Interpretation. Order Jamaican Patois Translator Services Today By Calling 1-800-736-7764. CUSTOM QUOTE.Mention that the term is believed to have originated from the combination of the words "bumbo" (a slang term for the female genitals) and "clot" (a derogatory term for a cloth or rag). 3. Cultural Significance: Highlight the cultural significance of "Bumbaclot" in Jamaican language and expression. Explain that Jamaican Patois is a vibrant and ... Patois: Mi deh nyam some jerk chicken, it taste good! English: I'm eating some jerk chicken, it tastes good! posted by anonymous on August 5, 2023 2. Nyam (Verb) 1; 0; English Translation . Eat . Definition. To consume food . Example Sentences. Patois: Mi nyam ackee and saltfish fi breakfast We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah. These 80 Jamaican patois sentences cover most of what you will need to get by on your visit to Jamaica or in conversations with your Jamaican friends. “A fe mi cyar.”. …Boopsie. The woman who exploits the "boops", the person pays the rent, buys the car,... More » Jiji. Extremely cautious, nervous, anxious, worrisome, cowardice. More » tan …Dictionary of Jamaican English. Frederic G. Cassidy, Robert Brock Le Page. University of the West Indies Press, 2002 - Foreign Language Study - 509 pages. Originally published by Cambridge University Press in 1967 and then revised as a second edition in 1980, this classic study has never before been available in a paperback edition.Definition One of the most popular swear words in Jamaica. Bumbo means bottom, claat is the Jamaican pronunciation of cloth. "Bumboclaat" literally refers to either menstrual pads or toilet paper. it is mostly used as an exclamation of shock, surprise, anger, frustration or for any other intense emotions. Bumboclaat is actually a very vulgar ...This slang phrase translates to “forward” and means “come here” but usually in the sense of being far from the person you’re saying it to. If you’re saying …translation: Yes, I’m here. Person 2: Alright Likkle More translation: Ok, see you later. Compliments from a Jamaican Man. If you’re a woman walking the streets of Jamaica, be prepared to hear some pickup lines thrown your way. It can be quite amusing (depending on how receptive you are and what’s said). Here are some Jamaican Pick-Up ...English Translation . Wow . Definition. A word used to express excitement. Example Sentences. Patois: Rawtid! Tomorrow a Friday, the week fly off fast! ... The question of whether Jamaican Patois is merely "broken English" often sparks lively debate. At first glance, this language might seem perplexing, ....